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<td nowrap="true" class="pageTitle">角色：系统管理员</td><td width="100%">
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<td valign="top">该角色维护开发基础结构（包括硬件和软件）。这包括安装、配置和备份，等等。</td>
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<td>角色集：<a href="./../../core.base_rup/rolesets/managers_A0FA9C69.html" guid="_qIh6UABuEdqrKcHWz1HoWw">管理员</a>,&nbsp;<a href="./../../core.base_rup/rolesets/production_support_C57029C4.html" guid="_Zk3m0ACGEdqrKcHWz1HoWw">生产与支持</a></td>
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<td align="center" colspan="2" class="sectionTableSingleCell"><p><map name="系统管理员"><area href="./../../core.base_rup/tasks/support_development_1443EF07.html" shape="rect" coords="210, 10, 242, 42" alt="支持开发" title="支持开发" guid="{35936CF9-4B04-402A-9482-07E5CFB45D99}"></area><area href="./../../core.base_rup/workproducts/rup_development_infrastructure_21BD206E.html" shape="rect" coords="210, 87, 242, 119" alt="开发基础结构" title="开发基础结构" guid="{A40A3A6E-A090-46B4-B2FE-5F1AC36F010B}"></area></map><img border="0" src="rup_system_administrator_BE5AEF12.jpg" alt="系统管理员" title="系统管理员" usemap="#系统管理员"/></p></td>
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<th scope="row" class="sectionTableHeading">修改</th><td class="sectionTableCell">
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<a href="./../../core.base_rup/workproducts/rup_development_infrastructure_21BD206E.html" guid="{A40A3A6E-A090-46B4-B2FE-5F1AC36F010B}">开发基础结构</a>
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<th scope="row" class="sectionTableHeading">流程使用情况</th><td class="sectionTableCell" colspan="1">
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<a href="./../../core.base_rup/capabilitypatterns/environment_88B1B954.html" guid="{659D51DD-DF1F-465E-9F3A-2FC6F9BC7C34}">环境</a>
									&nbsp;&gt;&nbsp;
								<a href="./../../core.base_rup/capabilitypatterns/support_environment_during_an_iteration_17F0693E.html" guid="{250BC41A-650E-4E26-A26C-54F74C71552D}">支持迭代期间环境</a>
									&nbsp;&gt;&nbsp;
								<a href="./../../core.base_rup/capabilitypatterns/rup_system_administrator_76142CF4.html" guid="_w9eSEUoeEdqrjq4i3fchvA">系统管理员</a>
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<div class="sectionHeading">主要描述</div>
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<td class="sectionTableSingleCell"><a id="Top" name="Top"></a><a id="XE_system_administrator_(role)__description_of" name="XE_system_administrator_(role)__description_of" class="index" key="系统管理员（角色）（system administrator）" text="描述"></a><a id="Description" name="Description"></a> 
<p align="left">
    担当<a class="PresentationName" guid="{57519B77-801E-4C38-AC0A-0032A0BDB2B6}">系统管理员</a>角色的人需要很好地了解用于某个项目的特定硬件和软件组件，以及这些组件之间可能存在的依赖关系。
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<div class="sectionHeading">人员配备</div>
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<th scope="row" class="sectionTableHeading">技能</th><td class="sectionTableCell"><a id="Skills" name="Skills"></a> 
<p>
    需要深入地了解开发平台的操作系统、网络和机制，例如安全性和分发。 解决问题和故障诊断也是此角色的关键技能。
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<th scope="row" class="sectionTableHeading">分配方法</th><td class="sectionTableCell"><a id="RoleAssignment" name="RoleAssignment"></a> 
<p>
    可以通过以下方法来分配<a class="PresentationName" guid="{57519B77-801E-4C38-AC0A-0032A0BDB2B6}">系统管理员</a>角色：
</p>
<ul>
    <li>
        分配一名或多名团队成员专门扮演<a class="PresentationName" guid="{57519B77-801E-4C38-AC0A-0032A0BDB2B6}">系统管理员</a>角色。这是一种被普遍采用的方法，尤其适合大型团队或将“分时共享”集中的管理资源的较小团队。
    </li>
    <li>
        跨多个项目分时共享一批<a class="PresentationName" guid="{57519B77-801E-4C38-AC0A-0032A0BDB2B6}">系统管理员</a>资源。这是在大型组织中常用的另一种方法，在这些组织中，IT
        部门分别从每个开发项目获取资源，并将“租用的”资源返还给每个开发项目。
    </li>
    <li>
        分配一名团队成员同时扮演<a class="PresentationName" guid="{57519B77-801E-4C38-AC0A-0032A0BDB2B6}">系统管理员</a>角色以及另一个技术角色（如实施者或集成人员）。此方法适用于中小型团队，尽管它常常会导致您需要顾及的两种角色分配的效率下降。
    </li>
    <li>
        分配开发团队中的每名团队成员负责他们自己的管理任务。 尽管此方法可能适用于较小的团队，但这会降低对其他任务的关注程度，并且常常会由于重复工作而导致效率下降。
    </li>
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<div class="sectionHeading">更多信息</div>
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<th scope="row" class="sectionTableHeading">概念</th><td class="sectionTableCell">
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<li>
<a href="./../../core.base_rup/guidances/concepts/development_environment_84567088.html" guid="8.055374059382349E-306">开发环境</a>
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